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Skatspiel Download: Learn How to Play Germany's National Card Game
Skat is a three-player trick-taking card game that is considered Germany's national card game. It is a game of skill, strategy and luck that can provide hours of fun and challenge for players of all levels. Whether you are a beginner or an expert, you can enjoy skat online or offline by downloading a skat app or software. In this article, you will learn more about the history, rules and strategies of skat, and how to download it for free.
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History of Skat
Skat was developed in the early 19th century in Altenburg, a town in Thuringia, Germany, by members of a local tarock club. They combined elements from different card games, such as schafkopf, l'hombre and tarock, to create a new game that soon became very popular among German-speaking people. Skat was first known as Erzgebirgischer Schafkopf (Ore Mountain Schafkopf) and later as Scat or Skad. The first written record of skat dates back to 1818, when an article about Osterland games was published in Altenburg. The first official rules of skat were published in 1835 by the Altenburg Skat Club. Skat spread rapidly across Germany and also in other countries, such as the US, where it was introduced by German immigrants. Today, skat is played by millions of people worldwide, and there are many clubs, associations and tournaments dedicated to it. The International Skat Players Association (ISPA) was founded in 1951 and has affiliates in more than a dozen countries. The current rules of skat, followed by both the ISPA and the German Skat Federation, date from 1999.
Rules of Skat
Skat is played with a 32-card deck, consisting of four suits: clubs (acorns), spades (leaves), hearts (hearts) and diamonds (bells). Each suit has eight cards: ace (A), king (K), queen (Q), jack (J), 10, 9, 8 and 7. The cards have different values depending on the type of game played: suit game, grand game or null game.
Suit Game
In a suit game, one suit is chosen as the trump suit, which ranks higher than the other suits. The four jacks are always the highest trumps, followed by ace, 10, king, queen, 9, 8 and 7 of the trump suit. The non-trump suits rank from ace to 7 as usual. The card values are as follows:
CardValue
J2
A11
1010
K4
Q3
90
80
70
The total value of all cards in a suit game is 120 points.
Grand Game
In a grand game, only the four jacks are trumps, forming a separate suit of their own. The other suits rank from ace to 7 as usual. The card values are the same as in a suit game.
Null Game
In a null game, there are no trumps and no card values. The goal is to lose all the tricks, rather than win them. The cards rank from ace to 7 as usual.
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Bidding, Playing and Scoring
Skat is played by three players, but only two of them are active in each round. The third player, called the dealer, shuffles and deals the cards, and then sits out until the next round. The dealer changes clockwise after each round. The two active players are called the declarer and the defender. The declarer is the one who bids the highest value for the game he or she wants to play, and the defender is the one who accepts or passes the bid. The declarer plays against the defender, who represents the other two players.
Bidding
The bidding process determines who will be the declarer and what type of game will be played. The bidding starts with the player to the left of the dealer, who can either make a bid or pass. A bid is a number that represents the value of a game, based on the type of game, the trump suit (if any), and some modifiers (such as hand, schneider, schwarz, ouvert). The minimum bid is 18, and the maximum bid is 264. The bids must be made in increments of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10. The player to the right of the dealer can either accept or pass the bid. If he or she accepts, he or she becomes the defender, and can either raise or hold the bid. If he or she raises, the first player can either accept or pass. This continues until one of them passes. If both players pass, the dealer becomes the declarer by default and can choose any game he or she wants.
Playing
After the bidding is over, the declarer picks up two cards from a face-down pile called the skat, and discards two cards face-down in its place. The skat belongs to the declarer and can be used to improve his or her hand or to declare a special game (such as hand, ouvert or null ouvert). The declarer then announces the type of game he or she will play, and leads the first trick. The defender follows suit if possible, or plays any card otherwise. The trick is won by the highest trump card (if any) or by the highest card of the suit led. The winner of a trick leads the next one. This continues until all 10 tricks are played.
Scoring
The scoring depends on the type of game played and whether the declarer won or lost. In a suit game or a grand game, the declarer wins if he or she takes at least 61 points in tricks (or more if he or she declared schneider or schwarz). In a null game, the declarer wins if he or she takes no tricks at all. The value of a game is calculated by multiplying its base value by some modifiers. The base value is determined by the type of game and the trump suit (if any). For example, a suit game with clubs as trumps has a base value of 12, while a grand game has a base value of 24. The modifiers are determined by some factors such as whether the declarer used the skat, whether he or she played with or without the 11th card, whether he or she won with or without schneider or schwarz, and whether he or she declared hand, ouvert or null ouvert. For example, a modifier of 2 means that the game value is doubled, while a modifier of 4 means that it is quadrupled. The final score is the game value multiplied by the number of matadors (the number of consecutive trumps from the highest one that the declarer has or does not have). For example, if the declarer has the four jacks and the ace of trumps, he or she has five matadors. If the declarer does not have any of the four jacks, he or she has one matador. If the declarer wins, he or she gets a positive score equal to the game value times the number of matadors. If the declarer loses, he or she gets a negative score equal to twice that amount. The score is recorded on a score sheet, and the game ends when one of the players reaches a predetermined number of points (usually 100).
Strategies of Skat
Skat is a game that requires both luck and skill. There are many strategies and tactics that can help you improve your game and win more often. Here are some general tips to keep in mind:
- Pay attention to the bidding process and try to estimate what type of game your opponent wants to play and what cards he or she has. - Choose your game wisely based on your hand and your position. Sometimes it is better to pass or play a low-value game than to risk losing a high-value game. - Use the skat to improve your hand or to declare a special game. Remember that you can also leave the skat as it is and play with 10 cards (hand game), which increases your game value. - Follow suit if possible, unless you have a good reason to play a trump or a different suit. Try to win t